Ed's Japanese Blog Archives Home
March 15, 2009
I CAN EAT SUSHI: POTENTIAL VERB FORMS
There is a basic
difference in the rules between the so-called ru-verbs and u-verbs:
ru-verbs : Replace the
る
with られる
u-verbs: Change the
last character from a u-vowel to an e-vowel sound. Then add
る.
Exceptions:
する
becomes できる
来る becomes 来られる
Some
sample ru-verbs:
|
Plain form meaning |
Plain form |
Potential |
|
to
make |
作る (つくる) |
作られる (つくられる) |
|
to
eat |
食べる (たべる) |
食べられる (たべられる) |
|
to
believe |
信じる (しんじる) |
信じられる (しんじられる) |
|
to
go out |
出る (でる) |
出られる (でられる) |
Some sample u-verbs:
|
Plain form meaning |
Plain form |
Potential |
|
to
speak |
話す(はなす) |
話せる(はなせる) |
|
to
buy |
買う (かう) |
買える (かえる) |
|
to
write |
書く (かく) |
書ける (かける) |
|
to
die |
死ぬ (しぬ) |
死ねる (しねる) |
|
to
take |
取る(とる) |
取れる (とれる) |
|
to
play |
遊ぶ (あそぶ) |
遊べる (あそべる) |
|
to
drink |
飲む (のむ) |
飲める (のめる) |
March 02, 2009
A
LITTLE ABOUT NA-ADJECTIVES
Grammatically, the na-adjective
behaves much like a noun. Consider the following four sentences, each of
which employs the na-adjective shinsetsu /
親切
:
|
Jimu-san wa shinsetsu da.
ジムさんは親切だ。
Jim is kind.
Jimu-san wa shinsetsu desu.
ジムさんは親切です。
Jim is kind. |
Jimu-san wa shinsetsu de wa nai.
ジムさんは親切ではない。
Jim is not kind.
Jimu-san wa shinsetsu ja nai.
ジムさん親切じゃない。
Jim is not kind. |
In each of the above
sentences, shinsetsu could have been replaced with a noun. For example, we
could have said, Jimu-san wa Amerikajin da, etc.
There is however, an important aspect in
which na-adjectives are different from nouns: You can use a na-adjective to
modify a noun that follows it by adding a na to the end of it
|
rippa na jinbutsu
立派な人物
a person of good character
kirei na onna
綺麗な女
a pretty woman
shizuka na basho
静かな場所
a quiet place |
sekkyoku-teki na juugyouin
積極的な従業員
a proactive employee
shitsurei na henji
失礼な返事
a rude answer
ubu
na wakamono
初心な若者
an innocent youth |
Na-adjectives are also
commonly employed in clauses
washoku ga suki na
Amerikajin
和食が好きなアメリカ人
an American who likes Japanese food
February 20, 2009
IT'S
BEAUTIFUL TO BE AN I-ADJECTIVE
There are two basic
varieties of adjectives in Japanese, the
na-adjectives (which we will cover another time), and the so-called
i-adjectives,
which are the topic of this post.
I-adjectives are
counterintuitive to native English-speakers because they act like verbs.
I-adjectives are
conjugated from the “adjective stem,” with the following endings:

Although i-adjectives
function like verbs, they can still be used with
です.
In this case, ですhas
the effect of making the sentence more polite:
Mori-san no okusan wa utsukushii desu.
森さんの奥さんは美しいです。
Mr. Mori’s wife is
beautiful.
Kyou wa kaze ga tsuyokatta desu ne.
今日は風が強かったですね。
The wind was strong
today, wasn’t it?
February 14, 2009
IT BECAME….
To express ideas like,
“It became red” or “the debt grew large,” the verb that you will usually use
is 成る(なる)=
to become

When using
なる,
there are a few important principles to keep in mind:
Nouns and na-adjectives
generally require にwhen
used with なる.
I-adjectives are conjugated: adj-stem +
い becomes adj-stem
+ く

February 01, 2009
Falling in
Love with Carp



Read the online sample pages now....And
find out what "the fish knows" about easy ways to memorize Japanese
vocabulary....(Continue
reading...)
January 25, 2009
Word of the
Day
早い
(はやい)
quick; fast; speedy
Related words:

Usage Example
from a Japanese blogger:
勉強において、ややこしい論理(ロジック)をできるだけ早く理解する方法。(理論や理屈のこと)
勉強には暗記系と理解系があると思うのですが、暗記法は自分なりに持っているのですが、理解法?というのものは持っていません。そのせいで、教科書や参考書を読んでいて理解に行き詰ったとき、それ以上前に進めなくなったりして勉強のペースが大幅に狂ってしまいます。
そこだけ飛ばせればそれもいいのですが、意味がつながっていたりするとそれもできません。そこで語学や数学や物理でもなんでもいいのですが、解りにくい、ややこしい論理、理屈をできるだけ早く理解して吸収する具体的方法を教えてください。
Source: http://okwave.jp/qa3694513.html
Supplementary
Vocabulary for the Usage Example

January 16, 2009
Word of the
Day
忘れる
(わすれる)
to forget
Usage Examples:
-
きれいに忘れる to completely
forget
-
さっぱりと忘れる to completely forget
-
すっかり忘れる to completely forget
Related vocabulary:

January 3, 2009
Word of the
Day
誤り
(あやまり)
error; fault
Usage Examples:
-
誤る(あやまる) to make a mistake
-
誤りのない free from mistakes
-
一歩誤れば with one slight mistake
-
一生の誤り
the mistake of a lifetime
-
小さな誤り a small mistake
-
誤りを詫びる to apologize for a mistake
-
誤りなく伝える to give a faithful account
of
教員採用試験で問題・解答に誤り
県教委は十九日、本年度の公立学校教員採用一次試験ナ、「高校物理・科学・生物」の設問一問と、開示請求に対して開示した、小学校国語など六教科八カ所の解答に誤りがあった、と発表した。いずれも合否に影響はなかったと説明している。
Source: http://www.toonippo.co.jp/news_too/nto2008/20081219184228.asp
