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Past Tense of u-verbs

 

There are four methods of converting the dictionary form of a u-verb to the past tense, depending on the type of verb it is:

 

1. First the verbs that end with -す:

su → shita

出す → 出した

2. Now, the verbs that end with く and ぐ:

ku → ita

gu → ida

書く → 書いた

注ぐ → 注いだ

3. When a verb ends with う,る, or つ, change the final hiragana character to tta:

使う → 使った


作る → 作った

 

4. For ぶ, む, or ぬ verbs, change the final to nda:

飛ぶ → 飛んだ

含む → 含んだ

死ぬ → 死んだ

 

There are, however, exceptions:

する → した

行く → 行った

くる →  きた

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